Netherlands
Blair Rutherford
My ethnographic research began in southern Africa, initially in Zimbabwe concerning commercial farm workers and then in northern South Africa concerning migrant Zimbabwean workers in the border-zone. I examined the economic strategies, institutional arrangements and the constitutive cultural politics shaping current and former farm worker strategies to access resources, particularly land, during the land redistribution exercises in Zimbabwe and deepening political and economic crises in these southern African nation, including Zimbabweans working on and around northern South African farms.
More recently, I have been engaged with two research projects with research from Carleton, other Canadian institutions and from African universities and organizations examining gender and artisanal and small-scale mining in Sierra Leone, Mozambique, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda and DRC, which has entailed my carrying out ethnographic research in Sierra Leone and Mozambique.
For more information on our current interdisciplinary research see Artisanal Mining and Gender in sub-Saharan Africa.
I also carried out a small research project in 2020-21 with Doris Buss (Law and Legal Studies, Carleton), Aisha Ibrahim (University of Sierra Leone), and Sarah Kinyanjui (University of Nairobi, Mombasa campus) called “Attending (to) Class: An intersectional study of COVID-19 Adaptation in Canada, Kenya and Sierra Leone Universities.”
How can the gendered claims on income and resources in rural Africa contribute to reevaluating dominant perspectives on rural work held by multilateral organizations, donors, NGOs, and scholarly discourse? Existing literature has predominantly focused on wage labor, despite the fact that only a minority of the adult population in the region has been engaged in such work. Furthermore, little attention has been given to the gendered obligations that shape rural labor, whether it falls under the “formal” or “informal” sector.
Blair Rutherford aims to challenge prevailing notions of rural work in southern Africa by examining the cultural politics of rural livelihoods over the past thirty years. He argues that conventional framings, such as the dichotomy between the “informal” and the “formal,” overlook the intricate gendered social relations that underpin rural labor practices in the region.
Politics and possibilities of international development, civil society in Africa; rural livelihoods in Africa; anthropology of citizenship, gender, race, and the state; colonialism/post-colonialism/decolonization; migration; public anthropology.